# 依赖: scipy import numpy as np from scipy.optimize import differential_evolution def objective(x): return float(np.sum(x ** 2) + 10.0 * np.sin(2.0 * np.pi * x[0])) results = [] for seed in range(10): # 必须多跑几次报告稳定性 r = differential_evolution(objective, bounds=[(-5, 5), (-5, 5)], seed=seed, polish=True) results.append(r.fun) f = np.array(results) print(f'最优={f.min():.4f} 均值={f.mean():.4f} 标准差={f.std():.4f}')